The Houses of Parliament, located on the banks of the River Thames in Westminster, London, is one of the most recognized landmarks in the UK. This historic building, also known as the Palace of Westminster, serves as the meeting place for both the House of Commons and the House of Lords. This article delves into the most iconic features of the Houses of Parliament that not only define its architectural beauty but also hold significant historical value.
One of the most famous features of the Houses of Parliament is the Elizabeth Tower, commonly known as Big Ben. The tower was completed in 1859 and stands at 316 feet tall. The bell inside the tower, which weighs over 13 tons, chimes every hour and is recognized worldwide. The tower’s neo-Gothic design, with its intricate detailing and stunning clock face, makes it a must-see for visitors.
The Houses of Parliament are a prime example of Gothic Revival architecture. Designed by architect Charles Barry along with Augustus Pugin, the building features pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses that evoke the grandeur of medieval cathedrals. The exterior of the building is adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures that reflect its historical significance.
The Central Lobby serves as the heart of the Houses of Parliament. This circular hall is flanked by statues of notable figures from British history. The stunning stained glass windows and the breathtaking plasterwork ceiling create a majestic atmosphere, making it an ideal spot for photos. Visitors often begin their tours in this grand space.
The House of Commons is the lower house of Parliament, where Members of Parliament (MPs) convene to discuss and debate legislation. The chamber is notable for its distinctive green benches and the speaker's chair. Unique features include the central table where the Speaker mediates discussions, symbolizing the impartiality of the role. Visitors can observe debates and witness the democratic process in action from designated galleries.
In contrast, the House of Lords, the upper house, boasts a rich interior decorated in red. The chamber features the throne where the monarch sits during the State Opening of Parliament, symbolizing the connection between the monarchy and Parliament. Lavishly adorned with gold leaf and beautiful tapestries, the House of Lords is an emblem of the tradition and continuity of British governance.
Named after Queen Victoria, the Victoria Tower stands at the southwestern corner of the Palace of Westminster, reaching a height of 329 feet. It is the tallest tower in the complex and houses the Parliamentary Archives, preserving important documents and records. The tower is also a symbol of the sovereignty of Parliament, adorned with the royal arms and flags that represent the UK.
The position of the Houses of Parliament along the River Thames offers stunning views, particularly during sunset. The iconic silhouette of the building reflects beautifully in the water, making it a photographer's paradise. Many river cruises offer unique perspectives of this historic site, showcasing its breathtaking architecture against the backdrop of one of London's most famous rivers.
Inside the Elizabeth Tower lies an impressive clock mechanism designed by Augustus Pugin. The clock’s intricate design and engineering marvel are just as impressive as its exterior. The mechanism utilizes a gravity escapement, allowing it to keep accurate time, which has made it one of the most reliable timepieces in the world.
The Houses of Parliament not only serve as a functional space for government but are also a treasure trove of architectural and historical significance. From the grandeur of the Gothic architecture to the iconic landmarks within the complex, visiting the Houses of Parliament is an enriching experience that encapsulates the essence of British democracy.