The Houses of Parliament, located on the banks of the River Thames in London, is an iconic symbol of British democracy and governance. While many are familiar with its stunning Gothic architecture and the famous Big Ben clock tower, there are numerous intriguing facts about this historic building that might surprise you.
1. A Rich Historical Legacy
The Houses of Parliament has a deep-rooted history dating back to the 13th century. Originally, it served as the Palace of Westminster, the residence of the English monarch. The building has survived numerous fires, including a catastrophic blaze in 1834 that led to its current design. Today, the structure reflects the architectural vision of Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, who were responsible for its reconstruction.
2. A UNESCO World Heritage Site
In 1987, the Houses of Parliament was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This recognition highlights its cultural importance and its status as a masterpiece of Gothic Revival architecture. The site is not only a political hub but also a treasure chest of historical artifacts.
3. A Unique Clock Tower
While most people refer to it as Big Ben, the name actually refers to the Great Bell inside the clock tower. The tower itself is officially named the Elizabeth Tower, in honor of Queen Elizabeth II. The clock tower stands at 316 feet (96 meters) tall and features intricate clock mechanisms that have kept time since its completion in 1859.
4. Political Functionality
The Houses of Parliament is more than just a visually striking landmark; it plays a crucial role in the UK’s legislative process. It houses two main chambers: the House of Commons, where Members of Parliament (MPs) convene, and the House of Lords, comprised of appointed members, bishops, and hereditary peers. Together, they debate and pass legislation, shaping the laws that govern the nation.
5. Hidden Secrets and Architectural Features
The building is filled with hidden treasures and intricate details. For instance, the famous “Black Rod,” an official of the House of Lords, must be sent to the House of Commons to summon MPs to hear the Queen's Speech at the opening of each new session of Parliament. Interestingly, MPs traditionally do not have to obey the summons, adding a layer of intrigue to this ritual.
6. The Ghosts of Parliament
Many believe that the Houses of Parliament is haunted. Numerous reports of ghost sightings have been documented over the years, including apparitions of former Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill and the ghost of a soldier thought to haunt the corridors. These stories add an air of mystery to the already storied building.
7. Tour Opportunities
Visitors can explore the Houses of Parliament through guided tours, which allow access to the historic chambers, including the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Tours often include details about the building’s architecture, artwork, and historical significance, making it a treasure trove for history enthusiasts and tourists alike.
8. An Active Workplace
Despite its status as a tourist attraction, the Houses of Parliament is a functioning workplace where political decisions are made. While attending debates and committee meetings, the MPs actively engage with their constituents' concerns, highlighting the ever-evolving nature of British politics.
Conclusion
The Houses of Parliament is not only a marvel of architecture but also a cornerstone of British history and governance. Its stories, secrets, and the people who walk its halls make it a fascinating subject for anyone interested in history, politics, or architecture. Next time you visit London, take a moment to delve deeper into the lesser-known aspects of this monumental building.